The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks




Overview of the Item

Repository: The HistoryMakers
1900 S. Michigan Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60616
(312) 674-1900
info@thehistorymakers.com
http://www.thehistorymakers.com
Interviewer: Larry Crowe
Videographer: Matthew Hickey
Title:Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks
Dates:September 29, 2004
Abstract: (ABSTRACT)
Quantity: 4 Betacam SP videocassettes, 1 half-Hollinger box containing (NUMBER) folders of accompanying materials.
Identification: A2004.186
Language: The interviews and records are in English

Biographical Note

Retired Major General Harry W. Brooks, Jr. was born May 17, 1928 in segregated Indianapolis, Indiana. A good student, he attended P.S. 42, P.S. 87 and Crispus Attucks High School, graduating in 1947 as an officer in the ROTC. Joining the United States Army as a private, Brooks soon rose to sergeant and used the provisions of the G.I. Bill to attend college. Noticed because of his baseball prowess, he was invited to Officer Candidates School (OCS) and received his commission as a second lieutenant in 1949. Brooks went on to obtain his B.A. degree from the University of Nebraska at Omaha in 1962 and an M.A. degree from the University of Oklahoma in 1973. He also completed the Stanford Graduate School of Business Executive Program.

Becoming an officer during the U.S. Army's desegregation efforts, Brooks served in Japan with a logistics command in support of Korea. Serving in Germany as an artillery officer, Brooks also served a tour in Viet Nam. His subordinate officers included Colin Powell. While attending the United States War College from 1969 to 1970, he coauthored The Gathering Storm: An Analysis of Racial Instability Within the Army. Appointed Army Director of Equal Opportunity Programs at the Pentagon in 1972, Brooks was promoted to Major General in 1974 as the 6th African American General in United States history. As the commanding general of the famed 25th Infantry Division in Hawaii, Brooks was responsible for 16,000 men and for ordering 10,000 of them to return to school for high school and associate degrees.

His decorations include: the Distinguished Service Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal, two Legion of Merit Medals, two Bronze Star Medals, and seven Air Medals. Awards from NAACP and Kiwanis recognize Brooks volunteer activities. After retirement in 1976, Brooks became executive vice president of Amfac, Inc. He then founded, with some of his friends, Advanced Consumer Marketing Corporation, which was heralded as the Department of Commerce Minority Business Enterprise of the Year in 1989 and the Black Enterprise Company of the Year in 1990. Married with four adult sons, Brooks is currently chairman of Brooks International and lives in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Biographical Note by The HistoryMakers®


Scope and Contents

This life oral history interview with Harry Brooks was conducted by Larry Crowe on 2004-09-29 in Las Vegas, Nevada and is recorded on 4 30-minute Betacam SP videocassettes. Access copies exist on Betacam SP, VHS, DVD and MPEG-1. The interview contains information on (COMPLETE ONE SENTENCE DESCRIPTION OF INTERVIEW). Accompanying materials in the collection include Harry Brooks's correspondence with The HistoryMakers® related to the interview; a copy of the signed release form and the production report; the biographical information used by the interviewer to prepare for the interview (DETAILS); paper copies of the interview transcripts, 3 1/2" floppy disks with electronic copies of the transcripts; selected quotes for video clips; photocopies of photographs captured on video; XML files with metadata created in editing and cataloguing the interview for The HistoryMakers Digital Video Library; and paper copies of these XML files.


Restrictions

Restrictions on Access

Access to paper records is restricted. Other restrictions may be applied on a case-by-case basis.

Restrictions on Use

All use of materials must be pre-approved by The HistoryMakers® and appropriate credit must be given. All use credits must be pre-approved by The HistoryMakers®. Copyright is held by The HistoryMakers®.


Index Terms

This record series is indexed under the following controlled access terms.
Contributors:
Brooks, Harry
Crowe, Larry
Hickey, Matthew
Persons:
(PERSONS)
Corporate Bodies:
(CORPORATE BODIES)
Family Names:
Brooks
Places:
(PLACES)
Subjects:
(SUBJECTS)
Document Types:
Video oral history interview
Titles:
The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks


Related Material

Accompanying materials: Accompanying materials are filed in (NUMBER) folders in a half-Hollinger box and shelved at The HistoryMakers® Archives and Collection Library by accession number, separately from the videos.


Administrative Information

Location of Originals

Betacam, VHS, DVD and MPEG-1 access copies are held for in-house use at The HistoryMakers®; Betacam SP, VHS and DVD playback hardware is provided for in-house viewing of the access copies; MPEG-1 copies are searchable and viewable via a digital video database.

Preferred Citation

The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks, September 29, 2004. The HistoryMakers® African American Video Oral History Collection, 1900 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois.


Detailed Description/Tape Listings

Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks, Tape 1, September 29, 2004, TRT: 00:29:37.

Harry Brooks, Jr. relates memories of growing up in a middle class African American neighborhood in Indianapolis, Indiana during the Depression and World War Two, giving rich details about life during that time period. He talks about his mother and father, schools, participation in football and ROTC, and his decision to join the military after high school. He also expresses his belief in the need for more discipline in today's schools.



Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks, Tape 2, September 29, 2004, TRT: 00:29:02.

General Harry W. Brooks, Jr. discusses his Army career from 1947 when he joined as a private, through the mid 1970s, just before his promotion to general officer. He details his experiences in basic training and Officer Candidates School, his first overseas duty in Japan, his transfer into the artillery division, and his first post as a commanding officer. Throughout, he discusses race relations and the transition to integration in the armed forces, and gives his thoughts on leadership and inspiring people to do their best.



Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks, Tape 3, September 29, 2004, TRT: 00:30:22.

Harry Brooks, Jr addresses the integration of the U.S. Army, detailing his appointment as only the sixth African American general in the history of the Army. Brooks discusses how he helped to improve race relations in the Army in his new position. He also talks about his time commanding the 25th Infantry Division based in the Pacific. Under Brooks's leadership, the 25th became acknowledged as the best-trained division in the Army. Brooks also placed a premium on education; under his command, over 1,500 members of the 25th received high school diplomas.



Video Oral History Interview with Harry Brooks, Tape 4, September 29, 2004, TRT: 00:30:50.

Retired US Major General Harry Brooks reflects on his life and career in the military, and discusses his retirement activities, including his work with the Freedom Forum. Brooks also talks about his personal beliefs, family, and friendships, and shares his concerns for the future. Brooks then narrates his personal photographs as they are recorded on videotape. The photos depict his life, family, and career.