Minority business consultant1991"> James Lowry is born in Chicago, Illinois.

Surgeon Charles Drew, while working at Presbyterian Hospital at1991"> Columbia University in New York, establishes the world's first blood bank, where he studies the physical, chemical and biological changes that occur in blood when it is stored. He later travels to England to establish a blood bank program there.

Business consultant1991"> Edward Beverle Adams is born on this date in New York City.

The DAR bans1991"> Marian Anderson from performing at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C. As a result, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt and Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes arrange for Anderson to perform for a crowd of 75,000 at the Lincoln Memorial.

Advertising executive1991"> Tom Burrell is born in Chicago, Illinois.

Langston Hughes establishes the1991"> New Negro Theater in Los Angeles. The first performance is of Hughes' play, Don't You Want to Be Free?

Professor of Obstetrics1991"> Dr. Kenneth Edelin is born

Marvin Gaye is born in Washington, D.C. He will sign with Motown in 1962 and begin a 22-year career that includes hits1991"> "Pride and Joy," duets with Mary Wells and Tammi Terrell, as well as best-selling albums exploring his social consciousness (What's Going On) and sexuality (Let's Get It On, Midnight Love).

Heavyweight Boxing Champion, entertainer and businessman1991"> Ernie Terrell is born in Belzoni, Mississippi.

Urban League executive1991"> James Compton is born in Aurora, Illinois.

Opera singer1991"> Marian Anderson sings on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to a crowd of 75,000 people on this date in Washington, D.C. Anderson performed here because she was denied permission to sing at Constitution Hall.

Social worker and foundation executive1991"> Marlene Owens Rankin was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

School Superintendent and educator1991"> Ruth Love is born in Lawton, Oklahoma.

Basketball Team Owner1991"> Mannie Jackson is born.

Legislator1991"> & Nurse Shirley Nathan-Pulliam is born

Women's rights advocate1991"> Audrey Peeples is born in Chicago, Illinois.

Retired Community Economic Practitioner1991"> Hattie B. Dorsey is born.

Historian1991"> Howard Dodson is born in Chester, Pennsylvania, on this date.

Bob Black, photojournalist and founder of the1991"> Chicago Alliance of African American Photographers is born in Chicago, Illinois.

Civic leader1991"> Marian Wright Edelman is born in Bennettsville, South Carolina.

Former Pro Football Player, Actor1991"> & Artist Bernie Casey is born

Artist, poet, and novelist Barbara Chase-Riboud was born on this date in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Some of her books include1991"> Sally Hemings and Echo of Lions.

General Clara Adams-Ender is born on this date in Willow Springs, North Carolina.

Jane M. Bolin became the first appointed African American woman judge on this date.

Advertising executive1991"> Eugene Morris is born on this date in Chicago, Illinois.

Dentist1991"> Dr. Judith Marylyn Davenport is born

Educational Organization President1991"> Reginald Weaver is born.

Educator1991"> & Civic Leader Maxine Duster is born.

Educator and photographer1991"> Gail Hansberry is born on this date in Washington, D.C.

Educator1991"> & Photographer Gail Hansberry is born.

Dentist and community leader1991"> Dr. Henry Cook is born in Macon, Georgia.

Commentator1991"> Colbert King is born

Singer1991"> Sonny Turner is born.

Eugene Scott is born in Miami, Florida. He will devote his career to the military, rising to the rank of colonel, and in his retirement will become publisher of the1991"> Chicago Daily Defender.

Entrepreneur1991"> Louis Dinwiddie is born in St. Louis, Missouri.

Motivational Speaker1991"> & Author Julia Hare is born

Personal secretary to1991"> President Bill Clinton Betty Currie is born in Edwards, Mississippi.

AFL-CIO president's assistant1991"> Richard Womack was born on this date in Danville, Virginia.

Soul singer and pop star Tina Turner was born Annie Mae Bullock on this date in Brownsville, Tennessee. Turner first gained fame with her husband in the Ike and Tina Turner Revue. Proud Mary is probably their best known hit. Tina divorced Ike and enjoyed a great solo career. She had hits like1991"> What's Love Got To Do With It and Private Dancer.

Performer, producer and composer Jerry Butler is born in Sunflower, Mississippi.

Civil Rights activist1991"> Patricia Stephens Due is born on this date in Quincy, Florida.

Maryland State Senator1991"> Clarence Mitchell III is born

At the premiere of the film1991"> Gone With the Wind in Atlanta, Georgia, co-star Hattie McDaniel and other black cast members are barred from attending the screening. McDaniel goes on to win an Academy Award for her role as Mammy.

Psychiatrist and educator1991"> Dr. Bruce Ballard is born in Waverly Hills, Kentucky.

Howard University dean, educator, writer, and mathematician Kelly Miller died on this date in Washington, D.C.

Olympic long jumper1991"> Willye B. White is born in Money, Mississippi.